Saturday, November 23

Knoll, Herman Miller and Cassina

For this week post I wanted to do a Little research on three huge names involved in the modern furniture design production Knoll, Herman and Miller, and Cassina.


Being in an after war context, I also decided to compare them , being from the US v/s Italy, and even U.S. v/s U.S., see the approaches they did in their times, and see where they stand  now. To be sincere I had only heard of Knoll, so  part of my decision for this post was to gain more information as an interior designer student. Finally to have a more specific vision of how they are as companies I decided to search information only from their webpages and see in which areas do they wanted the public to focus more.


I decided to start with the one I had heard the most , Knoll. As soon as I logged in into their website, it is obvious that they have only gotten bigger since their beginnings, the first thing I noticed trying to search for the “about” category  was that today they have  7 different branches from Knoll Office,Knoll Studio,Knoll extra, Knoll textile, Knoll Kids, Spinneybeck and Filzfelt*.

We offer thoughtful, inventive products that respond to individual work styles and transcend multiple generations. Furniture, accessories, textiles, felts and leathers that stimulate the senses and allow you to express who you are and what you value. “






Hans Knoll born 1914 in Germany, part of and  furniture manufacturer family that started with the work of his grandfather  designing high quality furniture, only a few year after in 1917Florence Schust was born in Michigan , same place that in 1930’s was the place for the Cranbrook Academy of Arts, a new era of design was born, years after both would get married  after meeting in an interior design project in 1941. The united states of America was the place to design ,By 1938 The Hans G. Knoll Furniture Company is funded  by Hans  Knoll and establishes in  a  small space on East 72nd Street.



Their signature is “modern always”, they have been creating furniture for work and residential spaces , and its recognized worldwide. Even though they are from the Us, they state on their website that they follow Bauhaus and Cranbrook Academy of Art   following the ideals of Florence and Hans Knoll .They also highlight the importance that as a company they give to furniture as something that compliments architecture. They combine the craftsmanship with today’s technology to create new shapes and to reflect the company values. They also state that even though the beginnings of Knoll where based with modernists, today they are also opening their horizons to contemporary designers because they don’t want to be defined only by the past.  Their first works were for designing practical workspaces and workspaces is their speciality today also.




“We connect you to your work environment. While knowledge from the past can be used to serve our customers today, our spirit and methodology are, and have always been, forward-looking. We evaluate technologies. We assess new materials. We test new processes. “


Some of their most recognized pieces are the Barcelona Chair by Mies Van der Rohe (1948), the Diamond Chair by Harry Bertoias on 1952, The Hardoy chair in 1947 and the Pedestal Collection by by Eero Saarinen.

Herman Miller
It is also from the united states and was specialized in the same are office furniture but also for the federal government, Miller´s son in law D.J Pree bought the Michigan Star Furniture  company in 1923 and decided to recall it in honor of his father in law and renamed it after him because for him Herman Miller was a man of integrity and he wanted that to be a reflection in this new company. Herman Miller was also know just as Knoll as symbol of modern furniture , both of them where the biggest companies specialized in the design  of offices and works with bigger designers of the times, in the case e of Herman Miller those names where  Ray Eames, George Nelson and others. Today  they have decided to continue that line of collaboration with the “it” designers of our times working with names such as Alexander Girard , Don Chadwick,  Isamu Noguchi and many others.


As the same as Knoll, Herman miller had broaden its horizons to places like healthcare solutions, education solutions, home solutions and others but it hasn’t open to other areas of design besides furniture like Knoll did with Knoll textiles for example.
Comparing the information found in their website, I have the feeling that Herman miller is a more humble version of Knoll, they haven’t got as  big as knoll or at least that’s what you perceive reading their timelines. But at the same time having a smaller pictures had helped them to put more care into each one of their 5 areas (home, work, healthcare, education and government) making amazing designs, worldwide known, For my personal opinion you can even see in their website how they take care of each detail not only into the furniture design but also onto the
whole space, which had made them specialists. I always have thought a more focus work and a more specific target helps you get a deeper development and better results. They also establish much more evidently their concerns as a company for example with their environmental friendly facilities, and company standards and visions making the whole experience more personal.
 Having compared the two cases of the United States I now wanted to compare them with their equal in Italy: Cassina.
The first thing that caught my eye when I entered their website is that their whole homepage had pictures of their collection with various designers , from Luca Nichetto, Karl Lagerfeld, Le Corbusier, Phillip Stark and others, so clearly their reflection as a company and as Italian one is about the recognition, standards, and excellence in  design .


You can even emphasize this going to their identity statement in which at least 90% of it mentions Italian and international designers and architects. Searching through their history they have a timeline that meet more the standards of Knoll ,  the company was founded in 1927 by Cesare and Umberto Cassina, and it was the responsible of bringing industrial design to Italy. Let’s remember the lider of this where the United States, and the Europe scene was under the effect of having the interwar period right in their territory. The company then fulfilled the role of encouraging designers to go beyond of what they have been showed until then, they passed from handcraft man shift  to  mass production and as the same as Knoll and Herman Miller they started collaborating with designers. Something that they do mention also but their US pairs don’t is the collaborative work with architects also, not trying to say that Knoll or Herman Miller don’t have them but they don’t state it that clearly. Until beginnings of the 90’s their whole timeline shows mainly chairs with names such as Gaetano Pesce, frank Lloyd Wright and Toshiyuki  Kita, they also started a collection with pieces from Rietvield, Mackintosh, and others. They also bought the reproduction rights for Le Corbusier’s designs. Only after 2000 we start seeing a few tables and sofas , but chairs are their main feature in their timeline.






Going through their products do they have  as first categories sofas and armchairs, followed by outdoor, tables, beds, desks, office, cabinets, chairs and special editions , showing a similarity in products with its US companions but in a much little spectrum.

I already feel this post as gone away too long so I will leave my comparison trough until here, the main thing is that all 3 of them where created in the interwar period, a period that affected in a more close way to Europe, which I think allowed Knoll and Herman Miller to grow in a much faster way than Cassina. All of them are linked through industrial and modern design and also with office furniture design, let’s not forget only a few years later their foundations Offices where going to take the design world, meeting new offices with modular spaces and new needs for their workers. Finally all of them take great importance in the collaboration with designers, and all of them also have at least one big designer from the modern times in their timelines remembering the beginnings of them but also looking for new horizons with new collaborations.
F!
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